Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2024)

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4.91 from 10 votes

By Hank Shaw

January 31, 2013 | Updated June 06, 2022

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Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2)

If you think fermented mushrooms sounds, well, unappetizing, think again. Walk with me a moment…

Every time I take a newcomer out mushroom hunting, we come across various quasi-edible mushrooms, notably members of the russula family. “Are these edible?” they ask. Well… the Russians eat ’em, I’ll say, usually salted and then pickled. Even the well-named “emetic” russula mushrooms can be rendered edible by this method, I’ll say.

“Well, are they good that way?” That’s when I hadto admit that um, well, actually I’d never done it.

Now I have. Turns out fermented mushrooms is a popular way to preserve them all over the Slavic world, but I’d always been a little leery of it for vague reasons, mostly having to do with fears of listeria or heat-volatile mycotoxins that salting won’t denature.

A little research turned up that there indeed have been several poisonings related to the Russian method of salting mushrooms. Even my colleague Sandor Katz in his mega-awesome book The Art of Fermentationhesitates when writing about lacto-fermented mushrooms.

Because so little research has been done on mushroom fermentation, I would recommend cautious experimentation.

Not exactly a ringing endorsem*nt from the usually enthusiastic Katz.

I knew about a Russian salted mushroom recipe before I read Katz’s book, and in fact he cites it: It’s from Anne Volokh’s The Art of Russian Cuisine. I started with that recipe.

But which mushrooms to use? I didn’t want to start with russulas. But I didn’t have to. As it happens, there is another mushroom that is prized for this method above all others: Lactarius deliciosus, the saffron milk cap.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (3)

Mostly I find this mushroom after its aged to the point of nastiness. When they get old or are bruised, this mushroom stains puke green. Blech. But fresh and young, they are a sunny, welcoming orange with pretty concentric rings on their caps. Eaten like a regular store-bought mushroom, however, saffron milk caps are pretty disappointing: They are grainy and not terribly flavorful. Maybe they’d improve once salted down?

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (4)

So one day, after I came home with a pound or so of pretty milk caps, I made Volokh’s recipe. You basically salt down the mushrooms with garlic and other spices, then put a plate over them and weigh it down. Doing this squashes the mushrooms and that, combined with the salt, pulls out their water and forms a brine. They then ferment for a week or two before you eat them.

I did this, but the first thing I noticed was that the mushrooms turned a dingy brown.

I was still pretty leery of them, so just to be sure I boiled some brine and poured the boiling brine over the mushrooms. There they sat in my fridge uneaten. A few days later, I bought another book, Polish Heritage Cookery. Paging through it, I noticed that it too had a salted mushroom recipe, grzyby kwaszone. Unlike the Russian version, this one requires you to boil the mushrooms for a few minutes first. Aha! This seemed far more sensible.

So I went out and got some more milk caps. This time, when I boiled them, their pretty orange color held! I fermented them in the same way as I did with the Russian ones, but once these were done they kept their color. I don’t know if it was the color or the boiling that made me want to eat these mushrooms, but I suddenly felt more at ease.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (5)

Slavs typically eat their salted mushrooms with bread and vodka. I know, this must shock you, but really, they do drink vodka on occasion. So I got some good rye bread and poured myself a shot of vodka. Here goes…

Wow! While the grainy texture of a sautéed saffron milk cap is nasty, once salted and fermented, the texture become meaty and pleasant. You can definitely taste the garlic and juniper, but the mushrooms were salty. Really damn salty. Volokh says they are often soaked in fresh water for a few minutes before they’re eaten, and I see why.

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (6)

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (7)

Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (8)

This recipe is definitely worth trying, especially if you combine the mushrooms with good dark bread and some beer, vodka or akavit.

Na zdrowie!

4.91 from 10 votes

Polish Fermented Mushrooms

I think it is pretty much impossible to buy Lactarius deliciosus, but the Russians and Poles also use porcini, honey mushrooms, chanterelles, russulas and, yes, regular button mushrooms. Not sure why, but most sources say to ferment only one variety of mushroom per batch. I pickle my mushrooms in a one-gallon stoneware crock, but you could use any non-reactive container. Store them in brine in a quart mason jar in the fridge for several months.

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Course: Appetizer

Cuisine: Polish

Servings: 10

Author: Hank Shaw

Prep Time: 15 minutes minutes

Cook Time: 5 minutes minutes

Total Time: 20 minutes minutes

Ingredients

  • 3 to 4 pounds fresh mushrooms, cleaned and stems removed
  • Kosher or pickling salt
  • 6 to 10 juniper berries, crushed (optional)
  • 1 teaspoon dried dill, or 2 tablespoons fresh
  • 1 teaspoon caraway seed
  • 2 teaspoons cracked black pepper
  • 2 garlic cloves smashed

Instructions

  • Boil the mushrooms in salted water for 5 minutes. Drain and let them cool in one layer on a paper towel or tea towel.

  • Mix all the herbs and spices in a small bowl. Lay down a thin layer of pickling or kosher salt at the bottom of a crock or other non-reactive container, then lay down a layer of mushrooms. Sprinkle with some of the herbs and spices. Add a bit more salt. Keep layering like this until you have all the mushrooms in the crock. Finish with another layer of salt.

  • Place a clean plate or other top on the mushrooms and weigh it down. I use a quart Mason jar filled with water. Let this sit in a cool, dark place (no need to refrigerate) for 4 days. After the first day, check to see that the mushrooms are submerged in their own brine. If not, boil 1 pint of water with 2 tablespoons kosher salt and let it cool. Pour over the mushrooms and continue fermenting.

  • After 4 days, move the mushrooms and brine and spices to clean Mason jars and refrigerate. They will keep for several months.

Notes

Note that prep time does not include fermenting time.

Nutrition

Calories: 33kcal | Carbohydrates: 6g | Protein: 4g | Fat: 1g | Saturated Fat: 1g | Sodium: 8mg | Potassium: 615mg | Fiber: 1g | Sugar: 2g | Vitamin C: 1mg | Calcium: 29mg | Iron: 1mg

Nutrition information is automatically calculated, so should only be used as an approximation.

Tried this recipe? Tag me today!Mention @huntgathercook or tag #hankshaw!

Categorized as:
Appetizers and Snacks, Eastern European, Featured, Foraging, Mushrooms, Preservation Recipes, Recipe

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About Hank Shaw

Hey there. Welcome to Hunter Angler Gardener Cook, the internet’s largest source of recipes and know-how for wild foods. I am a chef, author, and yes, hunter, angler, gardener, forager and cook. Follow me on Instagram and on Facebook.

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Fermented Mushrooms Recipe - Polish Salt Pickled Mushrooms (2024)

FAQs

How do you preserve mushrooms with salt? ›

1) Boil the mushrooms in salted water for 5 minutes. Drain and let them cool in one layer on a paper towel or tea towel. 2) Mix all the herbs and spices in a small bowl. Lay down a thin layer of pickling or kosher salt at the bottom of a crock or other non-reactive container, then lay down a layer of mushrooms.

How do you ferment mushrooms? ›

Add the mushrooms, salt, rosemary, oregano and garlic to a clean glass jar. Top with the sauerkraut brine and apple cider vinegar. Close the jar with a lid and shake until it is well mixed. Allow the mushrooms to culture at room temperature for 48 hours.

How long do pickled mushrooms last? ›

If properly stored in the refrigerator in an airtight container, these mushrooms will last up to about 2 weeks. After that, they should probably be discarded.

How to make noma mushroom garum? ›

Noma's smoked mushroom garum is delicious. It's made by blending cremini mushrooms, koji, and salt; letting that ferment for 6-8 weeks; straining then cold-smoking the remaining liquid. I highly recommend purchasing it to experience a tiny slice of the magic of Noma at home.

What does salt do to mushroom? ›

Should I salt the mushrooms before cooking them? Never salt the mushrooms before cooking. Salt draws out moisture and will therefore make them extremely mushy. We want a nice meaty delicious bite to them with color and texture, so salt at the end always.

How long to soak mushrooms in salt? ›

Once all your pieces of cauliflower mushroom are in the bowl cover with cold water, add about 2 teaspoons salt, and let soak for 10-20 minutes. After that time remove the pieces and put them in a salad spinner, give them a squeeze or let them drain in a colander. Now they are ready to cook.

How long should you ferment mushrooms? ›

Fermentation is usually carried out at a temperature of 18 to 26 °C for a period of several to 30 days. Mushrooms fermented at a lower temperature (around 20 °C) have been reported to have better quality.

How long do mushrooms need to ferment? ›

Put the mushrooms into a vacuum bag or if you have fermentation weights you can use a jar. You can also use a ziploc bag and squeeze out the air. Seal up the bag/jar and let it sit for a week or 10 days. It's fine on the counter but if you've made a fermentation chamber then put it in there set for 80F.

How to ferment mushrooms in a jar? ›

Dissolve the salt in 1 cup of water in a 1 quart (1 L) glass jar for fermenting. Place the garlic and other flavors in the bottom of the jar. Pack the mushrooms in as tightly as possible, without actually damaging the mushrooms. Add a well-fitting weight to keep the mushrooms submerged under the brine.

Do pickled mushrooms go bad? ›

To maximize the shelf life of marinated mushrooms, reseal the jar and place it in the refrigerator, ensuring that the original liquid (brine) covers the top of the remaining mushrooms. As for similarly pickled products, we expect the product's quality to last up to 45 days or longer when stored properly.

Are pickled mushrooms good for you? ›

The protein contained in mushrooms is water-soluble, just like B vitamins! And we don't consume the marinade. Therefore, pickled mushrooms will indeed provide us only with minerals and chitin, but it's very burdensome for our digestive systems, and frequent consumption is not beneficial.

Do pickled mushrooms need to be refrigerated? ›

Store the pickled mushrooms in the refrigerator for up to two months. I do not recommend freezing anything pickled.

Why did people stop using garum? ›

Beloved as late as the medieval period, garum probably only disappeared from European and Mediterranean cooking because the Roman trade routes that brought the sauce to inland areas were disrupted.

Why did Romans stop making garum? ›

"When the Roman Empire collapsed, they put taxes on the salt. And because of these taxes, it became difficult to produce garum." Pirates : When the Roman Empire collapsed, pirates started destroying the cities and the industries nearby the coast, including garum factories that were located on the coast.

What is the salt ratio for garum? ›

One thing I found most interesting was that I used as much salt as I found necessary to completely cover the layers of fish along with a final layer that has got to be about an inch thick, and I didn't even reach a 1:1 ratio of salt to fish. Now, most recipes of garum call for a 2:1 or even a 5:1 ratio of salt to fish.

What is the best method to preserve mushrooms? ›

Mushrooms can be preserved by canning, freezing, drying and pickling. Caution: Because of density and texture differences, only domestically grown button mushrooms may be safely canned. Other varieties can be frozen or dried.

What is the best way to preserve fresh mushrooms? ›

The secret to mushroom storage is that they stay fresh longer if you take them out of their container. Wrap them in paper towels placed in open plastic bags (paper bags are even better) and keep them in the fridge. Watch our how-to video for more.

How do you preserve mushrooms for the longest? ›

Keeping them in the dry, cool fridge is the best way to prolong their life, along with avoiding water (aka washing them) until the last possible second. A paper bag or paper towel-lined zip-top plastic bag will absorb the moisture mushrooms naturally release, preventing them from getting slimy.

How to preserve mushrooms long term? ›

Another long-term storage option is to dry your mushrooms. Compared to freezing, this method better preserves the quality of the fungi while indefinitely extending their shelf-life. Dried mushrooms also have an intense umami flavor, and they reconstitute beautifully in a soup, stew, sauce, or stir-fry says LaMarita.

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